Candida albicans and biofilm studies
Conclusion: Anhydrofulvic acid shows antifungal activity against Candida utilis .
Title: Mode of action of anhydrofulvic acid against Candida utilis ATCC 42402 under acidic conditions
Document Type: Peer-Reviewed Journal Article
Conclusion: The mode of action of anhydrofulvic acid against Candida utilis ATCC42402 was investigated under acidic conditions. Anhydrofulvic acid inhibited the incorporation of radioactive precursors into DNA, RNA, protein and lipid fractions. Although it did not induce leakage of intracellular materials from treated cells, it had inhibitory effects on both endogenous and exogenous cellular respiration. Furthermore, it inhibited mitochondrial respiration of Candida utilis ATCC42402 using succinate and cytochrome c as respiratory substrates, but without NADH. Unexpectedly, inhibition against isolated mitochondria was observed at pH 7.0. These results suggested that the site of action against respiratory inhibition of anhydrofulvic acid might be involved in succinate dehydrogenase, complex II in the mitochondrial electron transport chain of yeast cells. Based on the inhibitory effect of anhydrofulvic acid on mitochondria detected at pH 7.0, it was postulated that the antifungal activity at low pH level might depend on the elevation of the drug's permeability to the cell membrane under acidic conditions.
Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10513842/
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Conclusion: Fulvic acid can be used as an antifungal agent to treat Candida infections.
Title: Fulvic acid and its use in the treatment of Candida infections.
Document Type: Patent
Conclusion: This patent describes the use of fulvic acid, a salt, an ester or a derivative thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of Candida infections in humans and animals.
Link: https://patents.google.com/patent/EP1700599B1/en
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Conclusion: Fulvic acids have antifungal and antibacterial properties.
Title: Preparation and research of fulvic acid and its complex metal derivatives with their application.
Document Type: Peer-Reviewed Journal Article
Conclusion: Antimicrobial activity testing revealed that fulvic acid-metal complexes recorded activity against Candida albicans fungi. In contrast, most of the compounds were found to exhibit antibacterial activity against other types of microbes tested including Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
